高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
语法填空题—能力要求
1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;
2、分析句子结构的能力;
3、熟练运用语法的能力。
命题揭密
根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：
(1)
一 个单词
(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考 ___级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填 一, 二或三 个单词。
语法填空要求根据上下文填入动词(verb)、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)等词或其适当形式
Discuss the following sentences with your partners, and try to find out some similarities of the words we use. 考点一：冠词
• 无提示词
• 名词之前
1. Once there were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed
2. When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He
3. …the head of the villag e was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away.
考查语法点: 定冠词、不定冠词的用法
[解题技巧]
下列情况很可能填 不定冠词 ：
(1)________+可数名词(单数) ；
(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数) 。
下列情况下很可能填 定冠词 ：
(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指) ；
(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指) ；
(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指) 。
1 He’s _amazing singer, a music video director, and he ……
university/European/unique building/useful book —of all successful people.
4 hour
honest boy 8-year-old boy
X-ray photo/umbrella/American 考点二：介词
• 无提示词：注意搭配问题
• 与名词连用构成介宾短语担任表语、状语, 补语等
• 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1. In short, I believe that it is [39]__of__ great use to keep a dairy in
English… 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]__at _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic smile I had ever seen.
doing this for a whole day…
考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配
考点三：代词
• 无提示词
• 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词性和名词性物主代词的
区别。
• 指示代词（that 和this ，these 和those ）, 不定代词，it, 反身代词等
的用法
was to choose a suitable Christmas
present for her father.
2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I
say it again: a smile…
考查语法点: 代词的基本用法
[解题技巧]
因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词等充当，而名词、动
名词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主
语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性
物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语) 等。在名词前作定语就只能用
形容词性物主代词了。 考点四：并列连词或从属连词
• 无提示词
• 两个主谓结构连接
1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains the area is called the Black Country. (2014广州一模)
2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, pollution turned the local sky black and local dust from the mines made the
soil the same color.
3√display.
4. One day, he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his
crop a few inches
考查语法点: 各类复合句中从属连词的用法
[解题技巧]
(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but，so ，for ，either…or…等。
(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构) 之间，没有句号或分号，也没有并列连词，那空格处必定是填从属连词，否则，句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, or so，for ，either…or…等) 还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。 考点五：谓语动词
• 有提示词
• 与主语构成主谓结构
1. I was certain she would like it because I (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.
2. His fear of failure him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.
3. contrary to our intention.
考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致 考点六：非谓语动词
• 有提示词
• 常考查doing/done/to do的用法
1. the gift.
2. . …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _the rest!
3.
4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).
考查语法点: 非谓语动词doing/done/to do等的使用
5. …… (complete) the project as planned, we ’ll have to work two more hours a day.
6. The young student did all that he could 7. Some people say the oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are (success.)
注意 ：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用to do形式。
8.He is the last （ leave ） school.
9.She is the only person get ） the job.
注意 ：名词前有 first, second, …last, only 修饰时，后面要用to do 做后置定语 考点七：词性转换
• 有提示词
• 介词、冠词、所有格后接名词, 形容词修饰名词、副词修饰形容词副词、动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]_
2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. course.
4. although there is still room for this policy to improve, I think it is still a good one which does more good than harm to
the students and the nation.
考查语法点: 各类词词性的正确使用及转化 考点八：形容词的级
• 有提示词
• 通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the 时，一般要用最高级；than 的前面一定要用比较级
1. school English teacher…
2. … We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of that night.
3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one 双语报)
总结提升
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
一般有提示词
动词, 名词, 形容词, 副词
无提示词
冠词, 介词, 连词, 代词
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词: 定冠词, 不定冠词
代词: 人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词，疑问代词、 连词: 并列句及复合句
介词: 介词的常用用法及词组搭配
谓语动词: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
非谓语: 非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 及变形
词性变化: 词汇, 构词法
解题四步走
提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据. 检查搭配, 前后连贯
根据语义, 确定词形
分析句子, 确定词性
通读全文, 理解大意
⏹ 学习建议：
⏹ １、掌握单词、词组
⏹ ２、懂得分析句子结构
⏹ ３、多听、多说、多读、多写，增
Practice makes perfect!
高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
语法填空题—能力要求
1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;
2、分析句子结构的能力;
3、熟练运用语法的能力。
命题揭密
根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：
(1)
一 个单词
(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考 ___级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填 一, 二或三 个单词。
语法填空要求根据上下文填入动词(verb)、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)等词或其适当形式
Discuss the following sentences with your partners, and try to find out some similarities of the words we use. 考点一：冠词
• 无提示词
• 名词之前
1. Once there were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed
2. When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He
3. …the head of the villag e was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away.
考查语法点: 定冠词、不定冠词的用法
[解题技巧]
下列情况很可能填 不定冠词 ：
(1)________+可数名词(单数) ；
(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数) 。
下列情况下很可能填 定冠词 ：
(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指) ；
(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指) ；
(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指) 。
1 He’s _amazing singer, a music video director, and he ……
university/European/unique building/useful book —of all successful people.
4 hour
honest boy 8-year-old boy
X-ray photo/umbrella/American 考点二：介词
• 无提示词：注意搭配问题
• 与名词连用构成介宾短语担任表语、状语, 补语等
• 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1. In short, I believe that it is [39]__of__ great use to keep a dairy in
English… 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]__at _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic smile I had ever seen.
doing this for a whole day…
考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配
考点三：代词
• 无提示词
• 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词性和名词性物主代词的
区别。
• 指示代词（that 和this ，these 和those ）, 不定代词，it, 反身代词等
的用法
was to choose a suitable Christmas
present for her father.
2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I
say it again: a smile…
考查语法点: 代词的基本用法
[解题技巧]
因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词等充当，而名词、动
名词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主
语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性
物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语) 等。在名词前作定语就只能用
形容词性物主代词了。 考点四：并列连词或从属连词
• 无提示词
• 两个主谓结构连接
1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains the area is called the Black Country. (2014广州一模)
2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, pollution turned the local sky black and local dust from the mines made the
soil the same color.
3√display.
4. One day, he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his
crop a few inches
考查语法点: 各类复合句中从属连词的用法
[解题技巧]
(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but，so ，for ，either…or…等。
(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构) 之间，没有句号或分号，也没有并列连词，那空格处必定是填从属连词，否则，句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, or so，for ，either…or…等) 还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。 考点五：谓语动词
• 有提示词
• 与主语构成主谓结构
1. I was certain she would like it because I (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.
2. His fear of failure him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.
3. contrary to our intention.
考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致 考点六：非谓语动词
• 有提示词
• 常考查doing/done/to do的用法
1. the gift.
2. . …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _the rest!
3.
4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).
考查语法点: 非谓语动词doing/done/to do等的使用
5. …… (complete) the project as planned, we ’ll have to work two more hours a day.
6. The young student did all that he could 7. Some people say the oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are (success.)
注意 ：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用to do形式。
8.He is the last （ leave ） school.
9.She is the only person get ） the job.
注意 ：名词前有 first, second, …last, only 修饰时，后面要用to do 做后置定语 考点七：词性转换
• 有提示词
• 介词、冠词、所有格后接名词, 形容词修饰名词、副词修饰形容词副词、动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]_
2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. course.
4. although there is still room for this policy to improve, I think it is still a good one which does more good than harm to
the students and the nation.
考查语法点: 各类词词性的正确使用及转化 考点八：形容词的级
• 有提示词
• 通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the 时，一般要用最高级；than 的前面一定要用比较级
1. school English teacher…
2. … We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of that night.
3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one 双语报)
总结提升
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
一般有提示词
动词, 名词, 形容词, 副词
无提示词
冠词, 介词, 连词, 代词
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词: 定冠词, 不定冠词
代词: 人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词，疑问代词、 连词: 并列句及复合句
介词: 介词的常用用法及词组搭配
谓语动词: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
非谓语: 非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 及变形
词性变化: 词汇, 构词法
解题四步走
提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据. 检查搭配, 前后连贯
根据语义, 确定词形
分析句子, 确定词性
通读全文, 理解大意
⏹ 学习建议：
⏹ １、掌握单词、词组
⏹ ２、懂得分析句子结构
⏹ ３、多听、多说、多读、多写，增
Practice makes perfect!