A. a beautiful picture B. a distinctive shape
C. an indistinctive shape D. a dark shadow
10. The old general has started to write his memoirs.
A. essays B. autobiography C. books D. letters
Section B Word Match (10%)
Directions: Match the following words with their definitions.
1. cardiogram A. freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill
2. astronaut B. to say that something will happen or that something will
happen in a particular way
3. broadbill C. have an emotional or cognitive impact upon
4. describe D. a graphical recording of the cardiac cycle produced by an electrocardiograph
5. predict E. to give an account or representation of in words
6. immigrant F. to say firmly and repeatedly that something is true, especially when other people think it may not be true
7. impress G . boring, tiring, and continuing for a long time
8. tedious H. a picture in your mind of a possible situation or scene
9. insist I. a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
10. vision J. a person trained to travel in a spacecraft
Section C Synonyms (5%)
Directions: Choose the synonym for the word in Column I from Column II.
I II
1.significant A. trivial B. important C. unnecessary D. serious
2. legal A. illegal B. lawful C. safe D. spacious
3. delight A. sadness B. fury C. pleasure D. tiredness
4. unintelligent A. homely B. strange C. disobedient D. stupid
5. protest A. object B. agree C. protect D. persist
Section D Antonyms (5%)
Directions: Choose the antonym for the word in Column I from Column II.
I II
1. remote A. near B. distant C. brief D. eternal
2. disclose A. enclose B. close C. conceal D. unclose
3. novel A. new B. fresh C. fresh D. old
4. accept A. receive B. decline C. consent D. forget
5. wander A. dive B. remain C. ramble D. hesitate
Part II Cloze
Section A (10%)
Directions: Fill in each of the blanks with a word from the list below.
Portuguese interests were largely in the East Indies. Vasco da Goma had _____ the way to India round the Cape of Good Hope in 1497, and the Portuguese were developing the _____ in spices and the other luxury goods of India and the East Indies. Magellan served the king of Portugal and was soon ____ as a navigator and as a brave seaman and fighter. His fame ____ to Spain, the great rival of Portugal in sea voyages, trade and ____.
In Europe, people still had the ____ of reaching the East Indies by sailing west.
Magellan agreed with them, although he knew that the great land masses of the Americas lay between. He asked for Portuguese ____ for a voyage of discovery. The support was not ____. He felt that his services in the past were not properly ____ by the king of Portugal. He turned to Charles V of Spain.
King Charles gave orders for an expedition. Five ships were prepared. In there, with about 270 men and food in the form of casks of ____ meat and hard ship‘s bread, the expedition sailed from Seville in August 1519.
Section B (20%)
Directions: Choose the best answer for each blank.
Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. the of its own. No in the early 1900s. Jazz is America‘s contribution to music. In contrast to classical music, which formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles with energy, the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the of this music are slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long a Negro died, his friend and relatives a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New on the way home the mood to be alive. The band played music, improvising(即兴表演) on both the at the funeral. This music made everyone
want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
1. A.By B.At C.In D.On
2. A.music B.song C.melody D.style
3. A.discovered B.acted C.invented D.designed
4. A.noticed B.found C.listened D.heard
5. A.classical B.sacred C.popular D.light
6. A.forms B.follows C.approaches D.introduces
7. A.expressing B.explaining C.exposing D.illustrating
8. A.appeared B.felt C.seemed D.sounded
9. A.as B.so C.either D.neither
10. A.origins B.originals C.discoveries D.resources
11. A.concerned B.itself C.available D.oneself
12. A.players B.followers C.fans D.pioneers
13. A.for B.as C.with D.by
14. A.months B.weeks C.hours D.times
15. A.demonstrated B.composed C.hosted D.formed
16. A.demonstration B.procession C.body D.march
17. A.Even B.Therefore C.Furthermore D. But
18. A.number B.members C.body D.relations
19. A.sad B.solemn C.happy D.funeral
20. A.whistled B.sung C.presented D.showed
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A Reading in Depth (20%)
Directions: Select the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions. Passage A
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
Hong Kong， major commercial center for Asia， and with a population which has grown at an alarming rate to over 5 million， is a city highly dependent on mass transit of all sorts ， both local and long distance. The average Hong Kong worker or businessman ， going about his daily activities， simply must use public transportation at one time or another. Because Hong Kong is in two parts， Kowloon ， on the mainland side， and Hong Kong， the island， with Hong Kong‗s harbor in between， H ong Kong‘s mass transit systems ， in addition to going over land must also cross water.
Going from home to work， or going shopping from one side of the harbor to the other ， the Hong Kong resident has three choices. One way is to take a bus， which will cross the harbor through an underwater traffic tunnel moving slowly through bumper-to-bumper traffic. Another way is by ferryboat， a pleasant ride which crosses the harbor in from seven to fifteen minutes.
But by far the fastest way of crossing the harbor is the newly built underground electric railway， the Hong Kong Metro. If one boards the train in the Central District， the commercial area of Hong Kong on the island side， he can speed across the harbor in an astonishing three minutes. On the other side of the harbor the railway continues， snaking back and forth through the outlying districts of Kowloon， allowing one to get off a short distance from his destination.
The story of the Metro is an encouraging one for supporters of mass transit. Although building the system was certainly a challenging task， the Japanese firm hired to construct it did so in record time. Construction got underway in 1979 and it was
completed in 1980.
For the average commuter the system has only one disadvantages ： it is more expensive than by bus or ferry. One can ride the bus across the harbor for half as much， or he can ride the ferry across for less than one-fifth as much.
1.Hong Kong ___.
A. an do without mass transit B. finds public transportation too expensive
C. needs public transportation D. has an insufficient mass transit system
2.Hong Kong Public transportation extends ___.
A. over hills and valleys B. across land and water
C. through mountains D. throughout the Kowloon area
3.The traffic in the underwater traffic tunnel is ___.
A. heavy B. light C. fast D. dangerous
4.Crossing the harbor by train is ___.
A.by far the most economical method B.the most pleasant method
C.the least pleasant method D.the fastest method
5.The business area on the island side of Hong Kong is referred to be as ___.
A.Kowloon B.the Central District C.the Hong Kong Metro D.the Hong Kong‗s harbor.
Passage B
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
Improbable as it may seem， an increasing number of Germans are giving up their elegant Mercedeses， sleek BMWs and ferociously fast Porsches and getting behind the wheels of imported American models – fro plush Cadillacs to more prosaic Fords. Unlike the cars produced by Detroit‗s European subsidiaries ， these cars are as American as apple pie and watery beer. And thanks to a favorable exchange rate， they are more affordable than ever Last year Germans bought 12 477 new U.S. –built cars； sales are expected to double this year.
Like blue jeans， this buy – America fad appeals to Germans from all walks of life. Once regarded as faulty， flashy ， gas – guzzling Goliaths， American autos are – thanks in large measure to foreign competition –more stylish and reliable than in years past. Tugged， off- road vehicles like the four-wheel drive Jeep Cherokee are now the hot wheels to drive among Germany‗s thirty- something set. Owners and Aficionados of American – made care also boast their cars are cheaper to maintain.
But that‗s not the main reason German motorists are choosing U.S. imports – It‘s their price. Even after the cost of overseas shipping is included， American – made cars offer more value – and deluxe features – for less money than German models. A Chrysler LeBaron convertible sells for 35 000 marks； a BMW 320i convertible， by comparison ， commands 10 000 marks more. And U.S. autos come with standard
equipment – electric windows， automatic locks and sun roofs – that‗s available only as expensive options on German models.
Owning an American car in Germany is not for everybody. But the worst headaches come form the German bureaucracy. Johann Erben， a Greiburg dental lab technician ， purchased a LeBaron convertible during a U.S. trip in November – and has yet to drive it one kilometer. First ， he waited months for the proper registration documents to arrive ； then he spent more than 1 000 marks to have it comply with German regulations. Even so， safety inspectors refused to approve it until he changed the headlights and windows to European Community standards. ―There I was with my supermodern ， $ 20，000 car and unable to get it through inspection，‖ Erben recalled.
6.Detroit‗s European subsidiaries _______.
A.produce the same models as Detroit supplies in the U.S. market
B.provide cars of European styles
C.produce cars that are thought to be un-American by Germans
D.could hardly meet the demand for American cars last year
7.The buy-American fad that appeals to Germans most seems to be _______.
A.blue jeans B.apple pie
C.U.S.-made cars D.watery beer
8.As for Germans， American cars not only are cheaper but _______.
A.endures wear and tear B.are adaptable to road conditions
C.provides greater space D.offers more deluxe features
9.Which of the following statements is true？
A.American cars used to consume a lot of oil.
B.Japanese cars still lead the German market.
C.The U.S. motor industry is now confident to cope with recession.
D.German cars are going to provide the same standard equipment as
American-made cars.
10.European Community standards probably are _______.
A.a law to control the amount of imported goods from other continents
B.a set of standards to inspect imported cars
C.a system to regulate measures of manufactured goods
D.a set of standards to control product quality
Passage C
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Drunken driving ——sometimes called America‗s socially accepted form of murder ——has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers， adding up to an incredible 250，000 over the past decade.
A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers， glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient in most courts ， but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies， especially involving young children， that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21， reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18， the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled， so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers ， however ， fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop ―responsible attitudes‖ about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and ， in many areas already ， to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who ―obviously intoxicated‖ and later drove off the road， killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state， some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919， what President Hoover called the ― noble experiment.‖ They forgot that legal prohibition didn‗t stop drinking ， but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally， there is no easy solution.
11.Drunken driving had become a major problem in America because ___.
A.most Americans are heavy drinkers.
B.Americans are now less shocked by road accidents.
C.accidents attract so much publicity.
D.drinking is a socially accepted habit in America.
12.Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed？
A.Because detailed statistics are now available.
B.Because the news media have highlighted the problem.
C.Because judges are giving more severe sentences.
D.Because drivers are more conscious of their image.
13.Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that ___.
A.many drivers were not of legal age.
B.young drivers were often bad drivers.
C.the level of drinking increased in the 1960s.
D.the legal drinking age should be raised.
14.Laws recently introduced in some states have ___.
A.reduced the number of convictions.
B.resulted in fewer serious accidents.
C.prevented bars from serving drunken customers.
D.specified the amount drivers can drink.
15.Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve？
A.Because alcohol is easily obtained.
B.Because drinking is linked to organized crime.
C.Because legal prohibition has already failed.
D.Because legislation alone is not sufficient.
Passage D
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive ―attachment‖ period from birth to three may scar a child‗s personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby‘s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails， and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly ， anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example ， we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone——far from it. Secondly， common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents ， caretakers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out， and even if they were ， the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial. Thirdly， in the last decade， there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day
care ， and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children‗s development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby‗s analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to， say ， more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects ， parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy， and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter， then ， is far from clear-cut， though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.
16.This passage primarily argues that ___.
A.infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools.
B.whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools.
C.there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three.
D.there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three.
17.The phrase ―predispose to‖ （Para. 1， line 3） most probably means ___.
A.lead to B.dispose to C.get into D.tend to suffer
18.According to Bowlby‘s analysis， it is quite possible that ___.
A.children‗s personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents.
B.early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children.
C.children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on.
D.some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from children‗s development.
19.It is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that ___.
A.traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age.
B.Children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies.
C.A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni.
D.Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents.
20.The writer concludes that ___.
A.it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school.
B.It is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children.
C.It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school.
D.It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school.
Section B Skimming and Scanning (10%)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions listed. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the choices marked A), B), C) and D).
For questions 8 to10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Art for Establishing Human Networking
I knew-no computer or technology ever got any of US a raise, landed US that dream job, found us that mentor (良师), who cared deeply about US and our careers or put that special joy in our lives that can only come from relationships with others.
All these great things are made possible by a completely different type of networking ：human networking. And not the kind that has given ―networking‖ a bad
name —that superficial，insincere ，manipulative stuff that we all can smell a mile away. No, I‘m talking about t he true art of networking ，based upon respectful and caring relationships that promote mutual success.
Relationships
Let me start with one of the most fundamental aspects of human relationships.For each and every thing you
want to achieve in life whether it‘s landing a job，earning a raise or promotion or finding that lifelong romance —— there will be at least one person on the other end deciding whether to give you or help you get what you want.Everything we do can only be accomplished through and with other people.Simply put，success ，of any kind，requires relationships.Just think of the words of Margaret Wheatley：―Relationships are all there is.Everything in the universe only exists because it is in relationship to everything else.Nothing exists in isolation.We have to stop pretending we are individuals that can go it alone.‖
If this is the way the universe works，you can see why human relationships and human networks are so important.
The most common mistake people make when building relationships for their career success is treating business contacts differently than personal friends. Just think for a moment about the people you work with on a professional level who are also close ，personal friends. Aren‘t they always more forgiving when you slip up and more helpful when you‘re in need? Of course! I guarantee your work will become easier and more joyful if you make more of your business relationships personal.
How to do it? The same way you make genuine friends. Build trust through intimacy;show them that besides being professional you‘re also human. Skip the small talk and go deep into what really matters —— your dreams or fears，your children or the business issues that keep you up at night. And don‘t think for a moment that they‘ll
think less of you. In fact，usually the opposite happens.
When I tell people about my humble beginnings —I grew up a country boy in rural ，southwestern Pennsylvania，the son of an often—unemployed steelworker and a cleaning lady—and how it took me so long to overcome insecurities of being poor and being picked on by kids from more well-to-do families ，people don‘t think less of me.They immediately empathize (感同身受) and feel more endeared to me than ever before.All you have to do is let your guard down and show enough vulnerability to make others comfortable with opening up to you.
Also, don‘t stop with treating business friends like you treat personal friends. Mix them, too. Invite business contacts to your home and introduce them to your family. Invite a client out to dinner along with an old pal from school and your significant other or a date. Don‘t compartmentalize(划分)your personal, professional and community lives. Blur the boundaries! You‘ll have more fun and do more for all three parts of your life in less time.
Planning
The more specific you are about what you want to do，the easier it becomes to develop a strategy to accomplish it.Part of that strategy.of course，will be establishing relationships with the people in your universe who can help you get where you‘re going.So.first.do some deep introspection(自省)to find your Blue Flame, the thing in life that really lights your fire.Write，pray ，whatever you need to do to clear your head and figure this stuff out.I enjoy great results from Vipassana meditation.
Once you‘ve found your Blue Flame, it‘s time to have a RAP, or a Relationship Action Plan. Here‘s a simple way to get started. Write down your goals and the names and types of people who can help you achieve them.Then, note how you can reach those people and how you can contribute to their success, also.The more specific a plan you have and the more you put your goals out to others ，the more everyone will
conspire to help you achieve your dreams.On the other hand, if you don‘t know what you want or you don‘t tell anyone，no one can help you.They can‘t read your mind. I can‘t tell you how many times a friend has called me and said，―Keith ，I just became unemployed.I need to start networking;will you teach me how'?‖My answer：―No.No.No.You need to start job-hunting! You should have been building relationships for the past 5 or 10 years，so now that you need a job，you could make 20 calls and have 5 job offers waiting for you in a week.‖
Presentation
When I give talks to college and graduate students，they always ask me，―What are the secrets to success? What are the unspoken rules for making it big?‖Preferably，they‘d like my response wrapp ed up in a tight package and tied with a neat little bow.Why not? I wanted the same thing at their age.
―So you want the inside scoop,‖I respond.―Fair enough.I‘ll sum up the key to Success in one word：Generosity.‖ The kids are shocked because they think I‘m going to give them―networking‖advice.And when they think of―networking.‖they think of a guy holding a martini with one hand and scattering business cards with the other.He‘s hell-bent on doing anything it takes to―get to the top‖, including climbing on the backs of others.
The era of that Networking Jerk is over. I learned that the hard way. Once ，a mentor of mine said to me，―Stop driving yourself and everyone else——crazy thinking about how to make yourself successful. Start thinking about how you‘re going to make everyone around you successful.‖
Please, learn from my mistakes and the mistakes of many others.Don‘t be a networking jerk.Remember that the NO.1 key to success is generosity.Give your talents, give your contacts and give your hard work to make others successful without ever keeping score.
While I would say that your relationships are the most critical piece of your personal brand ，before you Call develop those relationships you‘ve got to know something and have something to say.Just having a brain and an MBA won‘t get you anywhere anymore.If you want to become more valuable in the marketplace or more intriguing to the world at large，you must develop some deep expertise in your mind and root some higher—order passion in your heart.
Think of the world‘s real move rs and shakers; they are such because they are about something.Richard Branson —— executing the remarkable. The late Princess Diana 一一helping the unfortunate.They are and were interesting.You can be，too. Strength in Numbers
This rule is obviously one no one can follow 100 percent.It‘s just a great way to remember to share your passions一一to invite others into the activities you are already enjoy doing.I really love sharing delicious food，good wine and great company.I also bring friends to workouts or to church.You might have similar passions，or you might enjoy doing community service，gardening or watching movies.
If you‘ll just remember to share your passions ，building and deepening relationships will take no extra time than you already devote to your favorite activities，and people will see you in your best light.
Just as people lose weight more effectively if they have a workout partner，your ongoing efforts to build relationships will be more successful if you team up.You and your buddy can provide each other support ，guidance and motivation. And you‘ll always be prepared to try one of my favorite tactics-trading networks. Throw a dinner party together，and you‘ll each be responsible for only half the guest list，half the cost and half the effort.But you‘ll expand your circle of friends to twice the size ，and I guarantee it will be twice the fun!
1.The true art of networking is based on __________ relationship that promote
mutual success.
A. superficial B. insincere C. respectful and caring D. helpful
2.According to Margaret Wheatley，which of the following statements is true?
A. Everything exists in isolation.
B. Everything we do can only be accomplished through and with other people.
C. Everything we do can be achieved by our individuals.
D. Everything can be accomplished without others‘ help if you work hard enough
3.How should we treat business contacts?
A. We should make our business relationships more personal.
B. We should pretend to be their friends.
C. We should never treat them as trustworthy friends.
D. We should treat them differently from our personal friends.
4.If you do not mind telling your business friends about your humble experiences，____________.
A. they‘11 look down upon you
B. they‘ll not do business with you
C. they‘ll think less of you for a moment
D. they‘ll feel more endeared to you than ever before
5.When you plan to build up your network，the first thing is to find out _______ in your life
A. what the easiest thing is B. what the most important thing is
C. who you care most D. how to begin it
6.What is the key to Success according to the author?
A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Generosity. D. Consideration.
7.According to a mentor of the author，we should _________ when the era of that Networking Jerk is over?
A. start thinking about how we‘re going to make everyone around us successful
B. start thinking about how to make our family members successful
C. drive ourselves crazy thinking about how to make ourselves successful
D. drive everyone else crazy thinking about how to make himself successful
8.If you want to improve interpersonal relationship ，you should improve your personal brand with deep expertise and __________.
9.Inviting others to_____________ is a way to improve relationships because in these activities people will see you at your best.
10.If you want to pay half of the effort and get double of the success, you should _____________.
A. a beautiful picture B. a distinctive shape
C. an indistinctive shape D. a dark shadow
10. The old general has started to write his memoirs.
A. essays B. autobiography C. books D. letters
Section B Word Match (10%)
Directions: Match the following words with their definitions.
1. cardiogram A. freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill
2. astronaut B. to say that something will happen or that something will
happen in a particular way
3. broadbill C. have an emotional or cognitive impact upon
4. describe D. a graphical recording of the cardiac cycle produced by an electrocardiograph
5. predict E. to give an account or representation of in words
6. immigrant F. to say firmly and repeatedly that something is true, especially when other people think it may not be true
7. impress G . boring, tiring, and continuing for a long time
8. tedious H. a picture in your mind of a possible situation or scene
9. insist I. a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
10. vision J. a person trained to travel in a spacecraft
Section C Synonyms (5%)
Directions: Choose the synonym for the word in Column I from Column II.
I II
1.significant A. trivial B. important C. unnecessary D. serious
2. legal A. illegal B. lawful C. safe D. spacious
3. delight A. sadness B. fury C. pleasure D. tiredness
4. unintelligent A. homely B. strange C. disobedient D. stupid
5. protest A. object B. agree C. protect D. persist
Section D Antonyms (5%)
Directions: Choose the antonym for the word in Column I from Column II.
I II
1. remote A. near B. distant C. brief D. eternal
2. disclose A. enclose B. close C. conceal D. unclose
3. novel A. new B. fresh C. fresh D. old
4. accept A. receive B. decline C. consent D. forget
5. wander A. dive B. remain C. ramble D. hesitate
Part II Cloze
Section A (10%)
Directions: Fill in each of the blanks with a word from the list below.
Portuguese interests were largely in the East Indies. Vasco da Goma had _____ the way to India round the Cape of Good Hope in 1497, and the Portuguese were developing the _____ in spices and the other luxury goods of India and the East Indies. Magellan served the king of Portugal and was soon ____ as a navigator and as a brave seaman and fighter. His fame ____ to Spain, the great rival of Portugal in sea voyages, trade and ____.
In Europe, people still had the ____ of reaching the East Indies by sailing west.
Magellan agreed with them, although he knew that the great land masses of the Americas lay between. He asked for Portuguese ____ for a voyage of discovery. The support was not ____. He felt that his services in the past were not properly ____ by the king of Portugal. He turned to Charles V of Spain.
King Charles gave orders for an expedition. Five ships were prepared. In there, with about 270 men and food in the form of casks of ____ meat and hard ship‘s bread, the expedition sailed from Seville in August 1519.
Section B (20%)
Directions: Choose the best answer for each blank.
Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. the of its own. No in the early 1900s. Jazz is America‘s contribution to music. In contrast to classical music, which formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles with energy, the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the of this music are slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long a Negro died, his friend and relatives a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New on the way home the mood to be alive. The band played music, improvising(即兴表演) on both the at the funeral. This music made everyone
want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
1. A.By B.At C.In D.On
2. A.music B.song C.melody D.style
3. A.discovered B.acted C.invented D.designed
4. A.noticed B.found C.listened D.heard
5. A.classical B.sacred C.popular D.light
6. A.forms B.follows C.approaches D.introduces
7. A.expressing B.explaining C.exposing D.illustrating
8. A.appeared B.felt C.seemed D.sounded
9. A.as B.so C.either D.neither
10. A.origins B.originals C.discoveries D.resources
11. A.concerned B.itself C.available D.oneself
12. A.players B.followers C.fans D.pioneers
13. A.for B.as C.with D.by
14. A.months B.weeks C.hours D.times
15. A.demonstrated B.composed C.hosted D.formed
16. A.demonstration B.procession C.body D.march
17. A.Even B.Therefore C.Furthermore D. But
18. A.number B.members C.body D.relations
19. A.sad B.solemn C.happy D.funeral
20. A.whistled B.sung C.presented D.showed
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A Reading in Depth (20%)
Directions: Select the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions. Passage A
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
Hong Kong， major commercial center for Asia， and with a population which has grown at an alarming rate to over 5 million， is a city highly dependent on mass transit of all sorts ， both local and long distance. The average Hong Kong worker or businessman ， going about his daily activities， simply must use public transportation at one time or another. Because Hong Kong is in two parts， Kowloon ， on the mainland side， and Hong Kong， the island， with Hong Kong‗s harbor in between， H ong Kong‘s mass transit systems ， in addition to going over land must also cross water.
Going from home to work， or going shopping from one side of the harbor to the other ， the Hong Kong resident has three choices. One way is to take a bus， which will cross the harbor through an underwater traffic tunnel moving slowly through bumper-to-bumper traffic. Another way is by ferryboat， a pleasant ride which crosses the harbor in from seven to fifteen minutes.
But by far the fastest way of crossing the harbor is the newly built underground electric railway， the Hong Kong Metro. If one boards the train in the Central District， the commercial area of Hong Kong on the island side， he can speed across the harbor in an astonishing three minutes. On the other side of the harbor the railway continues， snaking back and forth through the outlying districts of Kowloon， allowing one to get off a short distance from his destination.
The story of the Metro is an encouraging one for supporters of mass transit. Although building the system was certainly a challenging task， the Japanese firm hired to construct it did so in record time. Construction got underway in 1979 and it was
completed in 1980.
For the average commuter the system has only one disadvantages ： it is more expensive than by bus or ferry. One can ride the bus across the harbor for half as much， or he can ride the ferry across for less than one-fifth as much.
1.Hong Kong ___.
A. an do without mass transit B. finds public transportation too expensive
C. needs public transportation D. has an insufficient mass transit system
2.Hong Kong Public transportation extends ___.
A. over hills and valleys B. across land and water
C. through mountains D. throughout the Kowloon area
3.The traffic in the underwater traffic tunnel is ___.
A. heavy B. light C. fast D. dangerous
4.Crossing the harbor by train is ___.
A.by far the most economical method B.the most pleasant method
C.the least pleasant method D.the fastest method
5.The business area on the island side of Hong Kong is referred to be as ___.
A.Kowloon B.the Central District C.the Hong Kong Metro D.the Hong Kong‗s harbor.
Passage B
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
Improbable as it may seem， an increasing number of Germans are giving up their elegant Mercedeses， sleek BMWs and ferociously fast Porsches and getting behind the wheels of imported American models – fro plush Cadillacs to more prosaic Fords. Unlike the cars produced by Detroit‗s European subsidiaries ， these cars are as American as apple pie and watery beer. And thanks to a favorable exchange rate， they are more affordable than ever Last year Germans bought 12 477 new U.S. –built cars； sales are expected to double this year.
Like blue jeans， this buy – America fad appeals to Germans from all walks of life. Once regarded as faulty， flashy ， gas – guzzling Goliaths， American autos are – thanks in large measure to foreign competition –more stylish and reliable than in years past. Tugged， off- road vehicles like the four-wheel drive Jeep Cherokee are now the hot wheels to drive among Germany‗s thirty- something set. Owners and Aficionados of American – made care also boast their cars are cheaper to maintain.
But that‗s not the main reason German motorists are choosing U.S. imports – It‘s their price. Even after the cost of overseas shipping is included， American – made cars offer more value – and deluxe features – for less money than German models. A Chrysler LeBaron convertible sells for 35 000 marks； a BMW 320i convertible， by comparison ， commands 10 000 marks more. And U.S. autos come with standard
equipment – electric windows， automatic locks and sun roofs – that‗s available only as expensive options on German models.
Owning an American car in Germany is not for everybody. But the worst headaches come form the German bureaucracy. Johann Erben， a Greiburg dental lab technician ， purchased a LeBaron convertible during a U.S. trip in November – and has yet to drive it one kilometer. First ， he waited months for the proper registration documents to arrive ； then he spent more than 1 000 marks to have it comply with German regulations. Even so， safety inspectors refused to approve it until he changed the headlights and windows to European Community standards. ―There I was with my supermodern ， $ 20，000 car and unable to get it through inspection，‖ Erben recalled.
6.Detroit‗s European subsidiaries _______.
A.produce the same models as Detroit supplies in the U.S. market
B.provide cars of European styles
C.produce cars that are thought to be un-American by Germans
D.could hardly meet the demand for American cars last year
7.The buy-American fad that appeals to Germans most seems to be _______.
A.blue jeans B.apple pie
C.U.S.-made cars D.watery beer
8.As for Germans， American cars not only are cheaper but _______.
A.endures wear and tear B.are adaptable to road conditions
C.provides greater space D.offers more deluxe features
9.Which of the following statements is true？
A.American cars used to consume a lot of oil.
B.Japanese cars still lead the German market.
C.The U.S. motor industry is now confident to cope with recession.
D.German cars are going to provide the same standard equipment as
American-made cars.
10.European Community standards probably are _______.
A.a law to control the amount of imported goods from other continents
B.a set of standards to inspect imported cars
C.a system to regulate measures of manufactured goods
D.a set of standards to control product quality
Passage C
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Drunken driving ——sometimes called America‗s socially accepted form of murder ——has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers， adding up to an incredible 250，000 over the past decade.
A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers， glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient in most courts ， but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies， especially involving young children， that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21， reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18， the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled， so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers ， however ， fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop ―responsible attitudes‖ about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and ， in many areas already ， to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who ―obviously intoxicated‖ and later drove off the road， killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state， some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919， what President Hoover called the ― noble experiment.‖ They forgot that legal prohibition didn‗t stop drinking ， but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally， there is no easy solution.
11.Drunken driving had become a major problem in America because ___.
A.most Americans are heavy drinkers.
B.Americans are now less shocked by road accidents.
C.accidents attract so much publicity.
D.drinking is a socially accepted habit in America.
12.Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed？
A.Because detailed statistics are now available.
B.Because the news media have highlighted the problem.
C.Because judges are giving more severe sentences.
D.Because drivers are more conscious of their image.
13.Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that ___.
A.many drivers were not of legal age.
B.young drivers were often bad drivers.
C.the level of drinking increased in the 1960s.
D.the legal drinking age should be raised.
14.Laws recently introduced in some states have ___.
A.reduced the number of convictions.
B.resulted in fewer serious accidents.
C.prevented bars from serving drunken customers.
D.specified the amount drivers can drink.
15.Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve？
A.Because alcohol is easily obtained.
B.Because drinking is linked to organized crime.
C.Because legal prohibition has already failed.
D.Because legislation alone is not sufficient.
Passage D
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive ―attachment‖ period from birth to three may scar a child‗s personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby‘s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails， and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly ， anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example ， we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone——far from it. Secondly， common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents ， caretakers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out， and even if they were ， the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial. Thirdly， in the last decade， there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day
care ， and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children‗s development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby‗s analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to， say ， more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects ， parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy， and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter， then ， is far from clear-cut， though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.
16.This passage primarily argues that ___.
A.infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools.
B.whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools.
C.there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three.
D.there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three.
17.The phrase ―predispose to‖ （Para. 1， line 3） most probably means ___.
A.lead to B.dispose to C.get into D.tend to suffer
18.According to Bowlby‘s analysis， it is quite possible that ___.
A.children‗s personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents.
B.early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children.
C.children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on.
D.some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from children‗s development.
19.It is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that ___.
A.traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age.
B.Children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies.
C.A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni.
D.Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents.
20.The writer concludes that ___.
A.it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school.
B.It is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children.
C.It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school.
D.It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school.
Section B Skimming and Scanning (10%)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions listed. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the choices marked A), B), C) and D).
For questions 8 to10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Art for Establishing Human Networking
I knew-no computer or technology ever got any of US a raise, landed US that dream job, found us that mentor (良师), who cared deeply about US and our careers or put that special joy in our lives that can only come from relationships with others.
All these great things are made possible by a completely different type of networking ：human networking. And not the kind that has given ―networking‖ a bad
name —that superficial，insincere ，manipulative stuff that we all can smell a mile away. No, I‘m talking about t he true art of networking ，based upon respectful and caring relationships that promote mutual success.
Relationships
Let me start with one of the most fundamental aspects of human relationships.For each and every thing you
want to achieve in life whether it‘s landing a job，earning a raise or promotion or finding that lifelong romance —— there will be at least one person on the other end deciding whether to give you or help you get what you want.Everything we do can only be accomplished through and with other people.Simply put，success ，of any kind，requires relationships.Just think of the words of Margaret Wheatley：―Relationships are all there is.Everything in the universe only exists because it is in relationship to everything else.Nothing exists in isolation.We have to stop pretending we are individuals that can go it alone.‖
If this is the way the universe works，you can see why human relationships and human networks are so important.
The most common mistake people make when building relationships for their career success is treating business contacts differently than personal friends. Just think for a moment about the people you work with on a professional level who are also close ，personal friends. Aren‘t they always more forgiving when you slip up and more helpful when you‘re in need? Of course! I guarantee your work will become easier and more joyful if you make more of your business relationships personal.
How to do it? The same way you make genuine friends. Build trust through intimacy;show them that besides being professional you‘re also human. Skip the small talk and go deep into what really matters —— your dreams or fears，your children or the business issues that keep you up at night. And don‘t think for a moment that they‘ll
think less of you. In fact，usually the opposite happens.
When I tell people about my humble beginnings —I grew up a country boy in rural ，southwestern Pennsylvania，the son of an often—unemployed steelworker and a cleaning lady—and how it took me so long to overcome insecurities of being poor and being picked on by kids from more well-to-do families ，people don‘t think less of me.They immediately empathize (感同身受) and feel more endeared to me than ever before.All you have to do is let your guard down and show enough vulnerability to make others comfortable with opening up to you.
Also, don‘t stop with treating business friends like you treat personal friends. Mix them, too. Invite business contacts to your home and introduce them to your family. Invite a client out to dinner along with an old pal from school and your significant other or a date. Don‘t compartmentalize(划分)your personal, professional and community lives. Blur the boundaries! You‘ll have more fun and do more for all three parts of your life in less time.
Planning
The more specific you are about what you want to do，the easier it becomes to develop a strategy to accomplish it.Part of that strategy.of course，will be establishing relationships with the people in your universe who can help you get where you‘re going.So.first.do some deep introspection(自省)to find your Blue Flame, the thing in life that really lights your fire.Write，pray ，whatever you need to do to clear your head and figure this stuff out.I enjoy great results from Vipassana meditation.
Once you‘ve found your Blue Flame, it‘s time to have a RAP, or a Relationship Action Plan. Here‘s a simple way to get started. Write down your goals and the names and types of people who can help you achieve them.Then, note how you can reach those people and how you can contribute to their success, also.The more specific a plan you have and the more you put your goals out to others ，the more everyone will
conspire to help you achieve your dreams.On the other hand, if you don‘t know what you want or you don‘t tell anyone，no one can help you.They can‘t read your mind. I can‘t tell you how many times a friend has called me and said，―Keith ，I just became unemployed.I need to start networking;will you teach me how'?‖My answer：―No.No.No.You need to start job-hunting! You should have been building relationships for the past 5 or 10 years，so now that you need a job，you could make 20 calls and have 5 job offers waiting for you in a week.‖
Presentation
When I give talks to college and graduate students，they always ask me，―What are the secrets to success? What are the unspoken rules for making it big?‖Preferably，they‘d like my response wrapp ed up in a tight package and tied with a neat little bow.Why not? I wanted the same thing at their age.
―So you want the inside scoop,‖I respond.―Fair enough.I‘ll sum up the key to Success in one word：Generosity.‖ The kids are shocked because they think I‘m going to give them―networking‖advice.And when they think of―networking.‖they think of a guy holding a martini with one hand and scattering business cards with the other.He‘s hell-bent on doing anything it takes to―get to the top‖, including climbing on the backs of others.
The era of that Networking Jerk is over. I learned that the hard way. Once ，a mentor of mine said to me，―Stop driving yourself and everyone else——crazy thinking about how to make yourself successful. Start thinking about how you‘re going to make everyone around you successful.‖
Please, learn from my mistakes and the mistakes of many others.Don‘t be a networking jerk.Remember that the NO.1 key to success is generosity.Give your talents, give your contacts and give your hard work to make others successful without ever keeping score.
While I would say that your relationships are the most critical piece of your personal brand ，before you Call develop those relationships you‘ve got to know something and have something to say.Just having a brain and an MBA won‘t get you anywhere anymore.If you want to become more valuable in the marketplace or more intriguing to the world at large，you must develop some deep expertise in your mind and root some higher—order passion in your heart.
Think of the world‘s real move rs and shakers; they are such because they are about something.Richard Branson —— executing the remarkable. The late Princess Diana 一一helping the unfortunate.They are and were interesting.You can be，too. Strength in Numbers
This rule is obviously one no one can follow 100 percent.It‘s just a great way to remember to share your passions一一to invite others into the activities you are already enjoy doing.I really love sharing delicious food，good wine and great company.I also bring friends to workouts or to church.You might have similar passions，or you might enjoy doing community service，gardening or watching movies.
If you‘ll just remember to share your passions ，building and deepening relationships will take no extra time than you already devote to your favorite activities，and people will see you in your best light.
Just as people lose weight more effectively if they have a workout partner，your ongoing efforts to build relationships will be more successful if you team up.You and your buddy can provide each other support ，guidance and motivation. And you‘ll always be prepared to try one of my favorite tactics-trading networks. Throw a dinner party together，and you‘ll each be responsible for only half the guest list，half the cost and half the effort.But you‘ll expand your circle of friends to twice the size ，and I guarantee it will be twice the fun!
1.The true art of networking is based on __________ relationship that promote
mutual success.
A. superficial B. insincere C. respectful and caring D. helpful
2.According to Margaret Wheatley，which of the following statements is true?
A. Everything exists in isolation.
B. Everything we do can only be accomplished through and with other people.
C. Everything we do can be achieved by our individuals.
D. Everything can be accomplished without others‘ help if you work hard enough
3.How should we treat business contacts?
A. We should make our business relationships more personal.
B. We should pretend to be their friends.
C. We should never treat them as trustworthy friends.
D. We should treat them differently from our personal friends.
4.If you do not mind telling your business friends about your humble experiences，____________.
A. they‘11 look down upon you
B. they‘ll not do business with you
C. they‘ll think less of you for a moment
D. they‘ll feel more endeared to you than ever before
5.When you plan to build up your network，the first thing is to find out _______ in your life
A. what the easiest thing is B. what the most important thing is
C. who you care most D. how to begin it
6.What is the key to Success according to the author?
A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Generosity. D. Consideration.
7.According to a mentor of the author，we should _________ when the era of that Networking Jerk is over?
A. start thinking about how we‘re going to make everyone around us successful
B. start thinking about how to make our family members successful
C. drive ourselves crazy thinking about how to make ourselves successful
D. drive everyone else crazy thinking about how to make himself successful
8.If you want to improve interpersonal relationship ，you should improve your personal brand with deep expertise and __________.
9.Inviting others to_____________ is a way to improve relationships because in these activities people will see you at your best.
10.If you want to pay half of the effort and get double of the success, you should _____________.