本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
摘 要
本设计物料升降平台的原理与设计上，经过吸收改进而设计制作的。也就是将物料升降平台更好的运用到球果采摘的过程中，进一步的发挥出他的作用。
本项目主要针对物料输送系统中物料升降平台的升降平稳性及安全性方面进行了重点研究开发以及结构设计，零、部件的设计计算及其强度校核，并对提升部分进行优化，主要是提升方式与传送量进行设计与分析。
本课题主要设计传动方案的拟定、牵引方式、装卸料方式、驱动装置、畚斗、牵引构件等部件的设计和计算。本设计在带轮和畚斗上有创新和改进，使工作机的性能得到相应的提高。本设计满足各项性能要求。
关键词：物料升降平台；设计；带轮；畚斗带
-Ⅰ-
本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
ABSTRACT
This design of ascension device in wing sorting machine for larch cones is a type of hoist principle and design, absorbing improvement and design. There will be a type hoist better use to cones in the process of picking, further develop his role.
This project aimed at conveying system lift platform material in the rise and fall of stability and security to the study on the development and structure design, parts of the design calculation and intensity, to ascend and optimize the part, main is to promote the way the quantity and transmission design and analysis.
This topic's main design of transmission scheme worked, drawing method, loading and unloading methods, drive device, hopper, traction component parts such as the design and calculation. This design in a wheel and hopper on the innovation and improvement, and cause the work to the performance of the machine to get corresponding improvement. This design meet the performance requirements.
Key words：Dou pattern lift machine; Design; Belt wheel; BenDou take
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目 录
摘 要 ······································································································································· I ABSTRACT ··························································································································· II 第1章 绪 论 ················································································································· - 1 -
1.1 课题背景、目的以及意义 ·························································································· 6 1.2物料升降平台机简介 ··································································································· 6 1.3 国内外研究状况和相关领域中已有的研究成果 ······················································ 7
第2章 课题介绍以及设计理论 ····················································································· 9
2.1 传动方案的拟定原则 ·································································································· 9 2.2 牵引方式、装卸料方式及选用 ·················································································· 9
2.2.1 物料升降平台分类 ···························································································· 9 2.2.2 物料升降平台的装载和卸载 ·········································································· 10 2.3 常用物料升降平台选用及相关计算 ·········································································· 7 2.4 物料升降平台的主要部件 ·························································································· 9 2.5 物料升降平台的工作原理 ························································································ 14 2.6 物料升降平台设计方案总览 ···················································································· 15 2.7 本章小结 ···················································································································· 16
第3章 物料升降平台主要参数确定及主要结构设计 ······································· 17
3.1 电动机功率的确定 ···································································································· 17 3.2 电动机的选择 ············································································································ 17 3.3 最大张力的计算 ········································································································ 18 3.4 计算传动比 ················································································································ 18 3.5 带轮设计 ···················································································································· 19
3.5.1 定V 带的型号和带轮直径 ············································································· 19 3.5.2 计算带长 ·········································································································· 19 3.5.3 求中心距和包角 ······························································································ 19 3.5.4 求带根数 ·········································································································· 20 3.5.5 求轴上载荷 ······································································································ 20 3.5.6 带轮结构 ·········································································································· 20 3.6 传送畚斗带系统的设计 ···························································································· 22
3.6.1 输送带的简介 ·································································································· 22
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3.6.2 输送带的分类 ·································································································· 22 3.6.3 输送带的连接 ·································································································· 23 3.6.4 输送带层数的计算 ·························································································· 23 3.7 计算传动装置的运动和动力参数 ············································································ 24
3.7.1 各轴转速 ·········································································································· 24 3.7.2 各轴功率 ·········································································································· 24 3.7.3 各轴转矩 ·········································································································· 24 3.8 本章小结 ···················································································································· 24
第4章 轴的设计计算及校核 ····················································································· 25
4.1 驱动轴设计 ················································································································ 25
4.1.1 轴的材料及热处理 ·························································································· 25 4.1.2 轴的基本尺寸设计 ·························································································· 25 4.1.3 轴的强度校核计算 ·························································································· 26 4.1.4 轴承选择以及校核 ·························································································· 28 4.1.5 驱动链轮键的设计校核 ·················································································· 29 4.1.6 驱动带轮键的设计校核 ·················································································· 29 4.2 从动轴设计 ················································································································ 29
4.2.1 从动轴结构 ······································································································ 29 4.2.2 轴的强度校核计算 ·························································································· 30 4.3 本章小结 ···················································································································· 31
第5章 其他参数的设计 ······························································································· 32
5.1 物料升降平台主要参数的计算 ················································································ 32 5.2 头部罩壳的选材及连接 ···························································································· 33 5.3 筒体的设计 ················································································································ 33 5.4 物料升降平台的工作过程 ························································································ 33 5.5 物料升降平台的选用 ································································································ 34 5.6 使用注意事项 ············································································································ 35 5.7 物料升降平台的安装维护及常见故障排除 ···························································· 35
5.7.1安装 ··················································································································· 35 5.7.2 操作与维护 ······································································································ 36 5.7.3 常见故障排除 ·································································································· 36 5.8 本章小结 ···················································································································· 38
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结 论 ···································································································································· 39 参 考 文 献 ························································································································ 40 致 谢 ···································································································································· 41
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第1章 绪 论
1.1 课题背景、目的以及意义
1) 研究现状：
项目组成员经过两年多的密切协作、勤奋努力，创新研发了JHY-45型林木球果调制间、TSJ-2500物料输送系统、LZC-50型去翅精选联合机等四台重点设备，从根本上解决了营林机械化中种子处理部分的突出难点，项目组按照计划书的要求严格执行，由于人员稳定，分工明确，各尽其责，全面完成了《项目任务书》中规定的各项指标和要求 ，于2010年12月底申请项目验收。
2) 选题目的和意义：
随着种子园、母树林结实期的到来，预处理的林木球果及其种子将大量增加，而这部分种子的价值已经不容许有任何浪费和损失，对于培育多年的种子园、母树林所产出的优良种子，要达到良种的储藏不变质和精良播种机械化作业对种子的严格要求，本成套设备的研制在种子加工过程中将起到工艺创新的作用。
装卸球果是最繁重的体力劳动，费时费工，整个种子生产车间使用本套设备能节省工时70%以上，而且该物料输送系统的研制与开发能够实现此设备在多领域的应用。随着国家对林木良种基地的大规模建设和投入，为改变以往机械设备性能落后、集成度低、能耗大、种子调制工艺落后的弊端，开发适合现代林木种子生产的成套机械设备是当今林业种苗生产中迫切解决的问题。
1.2物料升降平台简介
物料升降平台，是一种固定装置的机械输送设备，主要适用于粉状、颗粒状及小
块物料的连续垂直提升，可广泛应用于各种规模的饲料厂、面粉厂、米厂、油厂、淀粉厂以及粮库、港口码头等的散装物料的提升。
物料升降平台用来垂直提升经过破碎机的石灰石、煤、石膏、熟料、干粘土等块粒状物料以及生料、水泥、煤粉等粉状物料。根据料斗运行速度的快慢不同，物料升降平台可分为：离心式卸料、重力式卸料和混合式卸料等三种形式。离心式卸料的斗速较快，适用于输送粉状、粒状、小块状等磨琢性小的物料；重力式卸料的斗速较慢，适用于输送块状的，比重较大的，磨琢性大的物料，如石灰石、熟料等。物料升降平台的牵引构件有环链、板链和胶带等几种。环链的结构和制造比较简单，与料斗的连接也很牢固，输送磨琢性大的物料时，链条的磨损较小，但其自重较大。板链结构比
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本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
摘 要
本设计物料升降平台的原理与设计上，经过吸收改进而设计制作的。也就是将物料升降平台更好的运用到球果采摘的过程中，进一步的发挥出他的作用。
本项目主要针对物料输送系统中物料升降平台的升降平稳性及安全性方面进行了重点研究开发以及结构设计，零、部件的设计计算及其强度校核，并对提升部分进行优化，主要是提升方式与传送量进行设计与分析。
本课题主要设计传动方案的拟定、牵引方式、装卸料方式、驱动装置、畚斗、牵引构件等部件的设计和计算。本设计在带轮和畚斗上有创新和改进，使工作机的性能得到相应的提高。本设计满足各项性能要求。
关键词：物料升降平台；设计；带轮；畚斗带
-Ⅰ-
本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
ABSTRACT
This design of ascension device in wing sorting machine for larch cones is a type of hoist principle and design, absorbing improvement and design. There will be a type hoist better use to cones in the process of picking, further develop his role.
This project aimed at conveying system lift platform material in the rise and fall of stability and security to the study on the development and structure design, parts of the design calculation and intensity, to ascend and optimize the part, main is to promote the way the quantity and transmission design and analysis.
This topic's main design of transmission scheme worked, drawing method, loading and unloading methods, drive device, hopper, traction component parts such as the design and calculation. This design in a wheel and hopper on the innovation and improvement, and cause the work to the performance of the machine to get corresponding improvement. This design meet the performance requirements.
Key words：Dou pattern lift machine; Design; Belt wheel; BenDou take
2
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目 录
摘 要 ······································································································································· I ABSTRACT ··························································································································· II 第1章 绪 论 ················································································································· - 1 -
1.1 课题背景、目的以及意义 ·························································································· 6 1.2物料升降平台机简介 ··································································································· 6 1.3 国内外研究状况和相关领域中已有的研究成果 ······················································ 7
第2章 课题介绍以及设计理论 ····················································································· 9
2.1 传动方案的拟定原则 ·································································································· 9 2.2 牵引方式、装卸料方式及选用 ·················································································· 9
2.2.1 物料升降平台分类 ···························································································· 9 2.2.2 物料升降平台的装载和卸载 ·········································································· 10 2.3 常用物料升降平台选用及相关计算 ·········································································· 7 2.4 物料升降平台的主要部件 ·························································································· 9 2.5 物料升降平台的工作原理 ························································································ 14 2.6 物料升降平台设计方案总览 ···················································································· 15 2.7 本章小结 ···················································································································· 16
第3章 物料升降平台主要参数确定及主要结构设计 ······································· 17
3.1 电动机功率的确定 ···································································································· 17 3.2 电动机的选择 ············································································································ 17 3.3 最大张力的计算 ········································································································ 18 3.4 计算传动比 ················································································································ 18 3.5 带轮设计 ···················································································································· 19
3.5.1 定V 带的型号和带轮直径 ············································································· 19 3.5.2 计算带长 ·········································································································· 19 3.5.3 求中心距和包角 ······························································································ 19 3.5.4 求带根数 ·········································································································· 20 3.5.5 求轴上载荷 ······································································································ 20 3.5.6 带轮结构 ·········································································································· 20 3.6 传送畚斗带系统的设计 ···························································································· 22
3.6.1 输送带的简介 ·································································································· 22
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3.6.2 输送带的分类 ·································································································· 22 3.6.3 输送带的连接 ·································································································· 23 3.6.4 输送带层数的计算 ·························································································· 23 3.7 计算传动装置的运动和动力参数 ············································································ 24
3.7.1 各轴转速 ·········································································································· 24 3.7.2 各轴功率 ·········································································································· 24 3.7.3 各轴转矩 ·········································································································· 24 3.8 本章小结 ···················································································································· 24
第4章 轴的设计计算及校核 ····················································································· 25
4.1 驱动轴设计 ················································································································ 25
4.1.1 轴的材料及热处理 ·························································································· 25 4.1.2 轴的基本尺寸设计 ·························································································· 25 4.1.3 轴的强度校核计算 ·························································································· 26 4.1.4 轴承选择以及校核 ·························································································· 28 4.1.5 驱动链轮键的设计校核 ·················································································· 29 4.1.6 驱动带轮键的设计校核 ·················································································· 29 4.2 从动轴设计 ················································································································ 29
4.2.1 从动轴结构 ······································································································ 29 4.2.2 轴的强度校核计算 ·························································································· 30 4.3 本章小结 ···················································································································· 31
第5章 其他参数的设计 ······························································································· 32
5.1 物料升降平台主要参数的计算 ················································································ 32 5.2 头部罩壳的选材及连接 ···························································································· 33 5.3 筒体的设计 ················································································································ 33 5.4 物料升降平台的工作过程 ························································································ 33 5.5 物料升降平台的选用 ································································································ 34 5.6 使用注意事项 ············································································································ 35 5.7 物料升降平台的安装维护及常见故障排除 ···························································· 35
5.7.1安装 ··················································································································· 35 5.7.2 操作与维护 ······································································································ 36 5.7.3 常见故障排除 ·································································································· 36 5.8 本章小结 ···················································································································· 38
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结 论 ···································································································································· 39 参 考 文 献 ························································································································ 40 致 谢 ···································································································································· 41
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第1章 绪 论
1.1 课题背景、目的以及意义
1) 研究现状：
项目组成员经过两年多的密切协作、勤奋努力，创新研发了JHY-45型林木球果调制间、TSJ-2500物料输送系统、LZC-50型去翅精选联合机等四台重点设备，从根本上解决了营林机械化中种子处理部分的突出难点，项目组按照计划书的要求严格执行，由于人员稳定，分工明确，各尽其责，全面完成了《项目任务书》中规定的各项指标和要求 ，于2010年12月底申请项目验收。
2) 选题目的和意义：
随着种子园、母树林结实期的到来，预处理的林木球果及其种子将大量增加，而这部分种子的价值已经不容许有任何浪费和损失，对于培育多年的种子园、母树林所产出的优良种子，要达到良种的储藏不变质和精良播种机械化作业对种子的严格要求，本成套设备的研制在种子加工过程中将起到工艺创新的作用。
装卸球果是最繁重的体力劳动，费时费工，整个种子生产车间使用本套设备能节省工时70%以上，而且该物料输送系统的研制与开发能够实现此设备在多领域的应用。随着国家对林木良种基地的大规模建设和投入，为改变以往机械设备性能落后、集成度低、能耗大、种子调制工艺落后的弊端，开发适合现代林木种子生产的成套机械设备是当今林业种苗生产中迫切解决的问题。
1.2物料升降平台简介
物料升降平台，是一种固定装置的机械输送设备，主要适用于粉状、颗粒状及小
块物料的连续垂直提升，可广泛应用于各种规模的饲料厂、面粉厂、米厂、油厂、淀粉厂以及粮库、港口码头等的散装物料的提升。
物料升降平台用来垂直提升经过破碎机的石灰石、煤、石膏、熟料、干粘土等块粒状物料以及生料、水泥、煤粉等粉状物料。根据料斗运行速度的快慢不同，物料升降平台可分为：离心式卸料、重力式卸料和混合式卸料等三种形式。离心式卸料的斗速较快，适用于输送粉状、粒状、小块状等磨琢性小的物料；重力式卸料的斗速较慢，适用于输送块状的，比重较大的，磨琢性大的物料，如石灰石、熟料等。物料升降平台的牵引构件有环链、板链和胶带等几种。环链的结构和制造比较简单，与料斗的连接也很牢固，输送磨琢性大的物料时，链条的磨损较小，但其自重较大。板链结构比
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