学院本科毕业设计（论文）
锌套的压铸模设计
学生姓名： 学生学号： 院（系）： 年级专业： 指导教师：
助理指导教师：
二〇〇六年六月
摘 要
目前，模具的设计特别是压铸模的设计在现代化制造行业起着越来越重要的作用, 压铸是高效益、高效率，很有发展前途的铸造方法，在高科技的不断推动下，压铸必将进一步扩大其应用范围，在国民经济发展中必将发挥出越来越大的作用。与其它方法相比,它具有尺寸精度高,强度高,表面粗糙度硬度高,能压铸复杂的薄壁零件,同时,生产率极高,可以省略大量的机加工。
本课题研究的对象是锌套的压铸模设计，包括工艺参数的选择，零件的工艺分析，压铸机的选用及排溢系统的设计，推出机构，模架的设计，成形零件的设计，结构零件的设计，压铸模的技术要求及选材等,本课题的设计论述出了各部分的设计方法与原则以及计算设计过程和必要的强度校核。
关键词 压铸，压铸模，工艺
Ⅰ
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
Picked to present, mold design especially die-casting mould design in the modern manufacturing industry plays an increasingly important role, die-casting is effective, efficient, the very future of casting methods, in the continuous promotion of high-tech, die-casting will further expand its scope of application, in development of the national economy is bound to play a growing role. Compared with other methods, it has size high accuracy, high-intensity, high surface roughness hardness to die-casting complex thin wall parts, and high productivity, large machines can dispense processing. This research sets the target of zinc die-casting design, the craft parameters parts crafts analysis, the choice of die-casting machines and platoon Yak system design, the introduction of institutions, national aircraft design, shape parts design, structural components design, die-casting mould technical requirements and material composition, a total of nine chapters. The topics addressed in the design of the various components of the design principles and calculation methods and design process and the necessary degree of intensity.
Keywords die-casting, die-casting mould, crafts
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） 目录
目 录
摘 要 ··································································································································· Ⅰ ABSTRACT ··································································································································· Ⅱ
1 绪论 ······································································································································· 1 2 压铸的基本方案 ················································································································· 2 3 工艺参数的选择 ················································································································· 3
3.1 压射比压 ······················································································································· 3
3.1.1 压射比压 ··········································································································· 3 3.1.2 型腔实际比压的估算 ························································································ 3 3.2 速度 ······························································································································· 3 3.3 温度 ······························································································································· 4 3.4 时间 ······························································································································· 4
3.4.1 充填时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.4.2 增压时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.4.3 保压时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.4.4 留模时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.5 涂料 ······························································································································· 5 3.6 压铸件清理 ··················································································································· 6 3.7 压铸件的整形和修补 ···································································································· 6
4 零件的工艺分析及分型面的选择 ····················································································· 7
4.1 零件的工艺分析 ············································································································ 7
4.1.1 材料分析 ··········································································································· 7 4.1.2 结构分析 ··········································································································· 7 4.1.3 确定加工余量与压铸件的表面质量 ································································· 7
5 分型面的选择以及浇注系统 ···························································································· 8
5.1 分型面的设计原则 ········································································································ 8 5.2 分型面的选择 ················································································································ 8 5.3 浇注系统的设计 ············································································································ 8
5.3.1 内浇口的设计 ··································································································· 9 5.3.2 直浇道的设计 ································································································· 10 5.3.3 横浇道的设计 ································································································· 11
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5.3.4 等宽横浇道的设计步骤 ··················································································· 11
6 压铸机的选用及排溢系统的设计 ················································································· 13
6.1 压铸机的选用 ·············································································································· 13
6.1.1 压铸机的基本结构和选用 ·············································································· 13 6.1.2 计算锁模力 ····································································································· 13 6.1.3 压室容量的校核······························································································ 14 6.1.4 模具厚度计算 ································································································· 15 6.1.5 动模座板行程计算 ·························································································· 15 6.2 排溢系统的设计 ·········································································································· 15
6.2.1 溢流槽 ············································································································· 15 6.2.2 溢流槽的位置选择 ·························································································· 16 6.2.3 溢流槽的容积和尺寸确定 ·············································································· 16 6.2.4 排气槽的设计原则和设计 ·············································································· 16
7 推出机构 ······························································································································· 18
7.1 推出机构的设计 ·········································································································· 18
7.1.1 推出机构的组成和分类 ·················································································· 18 7.1.2 推出力的确定 ································································································· 18 7.1.3 推杆推出部位设置 ·························································································· 19 7.1.4 推杆的推出端形状 ·························································································· 19 7.1.5 推杆的尺寸计算及校核 ·················································································· 19 7.2 推出机构的复位 ·········································································································· 20
7.2.1 复位与限位形状 ····························································································· 20 7.2.2 复位杆尺寸 ····································································································· 20 7.2.3 限位钉尺寸 ····································································································· 21
8 模架的设计 ························································································································ 22
8.1 模架的基本形式 ········································································································· 22 8.2 定模座板的设计 ········································································································· 22
8.2.1 定模座板的作用 ····························································································· 22 8.2.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 22 8.3 动模座板的设计 ········································································································· 22
8.3.1 动定模套板的作用 ·························································································· 22 8.3.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 22 8.4 支承板的设计 ············································································································· 23
8.4.1 支承板的作用 ································································································· 23
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8.4.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 23 8.5 推板和推板固定板的设计 ························································································· 24
8.5.1 推板和推板固定板的作用 ·············································································· 24 8.5.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 24 8.6 垫块的设计 ················································································································ 25
8.6.1 垫块的作用 ····································································································· 25 8.6.2 设计内容 ········································································································· 25 8.7 动模座板的设计 ········································································································· 25
8.7.1 动模座板的作用 ····························································································· 25 8.7.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 25
9 成形零件的设计 ················································································································ 26
9.1 结构设计 ····················································································································· 26 9.2 镶块与型芯的固定形式 ······························································································ 26 9.3 成形零件工作尺寸计算和公差确定 ··········································································· 26 9.4 镶块的主要尺寸 ·········································································································· 27 9.5 模具制造公差 ·············································································································· 28
10 结构零件的设计 ············································································································· 30
10.1 导柱和导套的标准化设计 ························································································ 30
10.1.1 动定模导柱和导套的设计 ············································································ 30 10.1.2 导柱、导套在模板中的位置 ········································································ 30 10.2 推板导柱和导套的设计 ···························································································· 30
11 压铸模的技术要求及选材 ···························································································· 32
11.1 压铸模的选材与热处理····························································································· 32
11.1.1 压铸选材 ······································································································· 32 11.1.2 压铸模热处理 ······························································································· 32 11.2 压铸模的技术要求 ···································································································· 32
11.2.1 结构零件的公差与配合 ················································································ 32 11.2.2 零件的表面粗糙度 ························································································ 32 11.2.3 结构零件的形位公差 ···················································································· 32
总 结 ·········································································································································· 34 参考文献 ··································································································································· 35 致 谢 ·········································································································································· 36
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学院本科毕业设计（论文）
锌套的压铸模设计
学生姓名： 学生学号： 院（系）： 年级专业： 指导教师：
助理指导教师：
二〇〇六年六月
摘 要
目前，模具的设计特别是压铸模的设计在现代化制造行业起着越来越重要的作用, 压铸是高效益、高效率，很有发展前途的铸造方法，在高科技的不断推动下，压铸必将进一步扩大其应用范围，在国民经济发展中必将发挥出越来越大的作用。与其它方法相比,它具有尺寸精度高,强度高,表面粗糙度硬度高,能压铸复杂的薄壁零件,同时,生产率极高,可以省略大量的机加工。
本课题研究的对象是锌套的压铸模设计，包括工艺参数的选择，零件的工艺分析，压铸机的选用及排溢系统的设计，推出机构，模架的设计，成形零件的设计，结构零件的设计，压铸模的技术要求及选材等,本课题的设计论述出了各部分的设计方法与原则以及计算设计过程和必要的强度校核。
关键词 压铸，压铸模，工艺
Ⅰ
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
Picked to present, mold design especially die-casting mould design in the modern manufacturing industry plays an increasingly important role, die-casting is effective, efficient, the very future of casting methods, in the continuous promotion of high-tech, die-casting will further expand its scope of application, in development of the national economy is bound to play a growing role. Compared with other methods, it has size high accuracy, high-intensity, high surface roughness hardness to die-casting complex thin wall parts, and high productivity, large machines can dispense processing. This research sets the target of zinc die-casting design, the craft parameters parts crafts analysis, the choice of die-casting machines and platoon Yak system design, the introduction of institutions, national aircraft design, shape parts design, structural components design, die-casting mould technical requirements and material composition, a total of nine chapters. The topics addressed in the design of the various components of the design principles and calculation methods and design process and the necessary degree of intensity.
Keywords die-casting, die-casting mould, crafts
Ⅱ
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目 录
摘 要 ··································································································································· Ⅰ ABSTRACT ··································································································································· Ⅱ
1 绪论 ······································································································································· 1 2 压铸的基本方案 ················································································································· 2 3 工艺参数的选择 ················································································································· 3
3.1 压射比压 ······················································································································· 3
3.1.1 压射比压 ··········································································································· 3 3.1.2 型腔实际比压的估算 ························································································ 3 3.2 速度 ······························································································································· 3 3.3 温度 ······························································································································· 4 3.4 时间 ······························································································································· 4
3.4.1 充填时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.4.2 增压时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.4.3 保压时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.4.4 留模时间 ··········································································································· 5 3.5 涂料 ······························································································································· 5 3.6 压铸件清理 ··················································································································· 6 3.7 压铸件的整形和修补 ···································································································· 6
4 零件的工艺分析及分型面的选择 ····················································································· 7
4.1 零件的工艺分析 ············································································································ 7
4.1.1 材料分析 ··········································································································· 7 4.1.2 结构分析 ··········································································································· 7 4.1.3 确定加工余量与压铸件的表面质量 ································································· 7
5 分型面的选择以及浇注系统 ···························································································· 8
5.1 分型面的设计原则 ········································································································ 8 5.2 分型面的选择 ················································································································ 8 5.3 浇注系统的设计 ············································································································ 8
5.3.1 内浇口的设计 ··································································································· 9 5.3.2 直浇道的设计 ································································································· 10 5.3.3 横浇道的设计 ································································································· 11
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5.3.4 等宽横浇道的设计步骤 ··················································································· 11
6 压铸机的选用及排溢系统的设计 ················································································· 13
6.1 压铸机的选用 ·············································································································· 13
6.1.1 压铸机的基本结构和选用 ·············································································· 13 6.1.2 计算锁模力 ····································································································· 13 6.1.3 压室容量的校核······························································································ 14 6.1.4 模具厚度计算 ································································································· 15 6.1.5 动模座板行程计算 ·························································································· 15 6.2 排溢系统的设计 ·········································································································· 15
6.2.1 溢流槽 ············································································································· 15 6.2.2 溢流槽的位置选择 ·························································································· 16 6.2.3 溢流槽的容积和尺寸确定 ·············································································· 16 6.2.4 排气槽的设计原则和设计 ·············································································· 16
7 推出机构 ······························································································································· 18
7.1 推出机构的设计 ·········································································································· 18
7.1.1 推出机构的组成和分类 ·················································································· 18 7.1.2 推出力的确定 ································································································· 18 7.1.3 推杆推出部位设置 ·························································································· 19 7.1.4 推杆的推出端形状 ·························································································· 19 7.1.5 推杆的尺寸计算及校核 ·················································································· 19 7.2 推出机构的复位 ·········································································································· 20
7.2.1 复位与限位形状 ····························································································· 20 7.2.2 复位杆尺寸 ····································································································· 20 7.2.3 限位钉尺寸 ····································································································· 21
8 模架的设计 ························································································································ 22
8.1 模架的基本形式 ········································································································· 22 8.2 定模座板的设计 ········································································································· 22
8.2.1 定模座板的作用 ····························································································· 22 8.2.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 22 8.3 动模座板的设计 ········································································································· 22
8.3.1 动定模套板的作用 ·························································································· 22 8.3.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 22 8.4 支承板的设计 ············································································································· 23
8.4.1 支承板的作用 ································································································· 23
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8.4.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 23 8.5 推板和推板固定板的设计 ························································································· 24
8.5.1 推板和推板固定板的作用 ·············································································· 24 8.5.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 24 8.6 垫块的设计 ················································································································ 25
8.6.1 垫块的作用 ····································································································· 25 8.6.2 设计内容 ········································································································· 25 8.7 动模座板的设计 ········································································································· 25
8.7.1 动模座板的作用 ····························································································· 25 8.7.2 设计要点 ········································································································· 25
9 成形零件的设计 ················································································································ 26
9.1 结构设计 ····················································································································· 26 9.2 镶块与型芯的固定形式 ······························································································ 26 9.3 成形零件工作尺寸计算和公差确定 ··········································································· 26 9.4 镶块的主要尺寸 ·········································································································· 27 9.5 模具制造公差 ·············································································································· 28
10 结构零件的设计 ············································································································· 30
10.1 导柱和导套的标准化设计 ························································································ 30
10.1.1 动定模导柱和导套的设计 ············································································ 30 10.1.2 导柱、导套在模板中的位置 ········································································ 30 10.2 推板导柱和导套的设计 ···························································································· 30
11 压铸模的技术要求及选材 ···························································································· 32
11.1 压铸模的选材与热处理····························································································· 32
11.1.1 压铸选材 ······································································································· 32 11.1.2 压铸模热处理 ······························································································· 32 11.2 压铸模的技术要求 ···································································································· 32
11.2.1 结构零件的公差与配合 ················································································ 32 11.2.2 零件的表面粗糙度 ························································································ 32 11.2.3 结构零件的形位公差 ···················································································· 32
总 结 ·········································································································································· 34 参考文献 ··································································································································· 35 致 谢 ·········································································································································· 36
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