新视野英语（第三版）翻译题答案
Unit 1 Translation
世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.
美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活口许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由，自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广裹大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.
莱奥纳多 达 芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师的称号”。莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。在其所有作品中，《蒙娜丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。这此笔记通常被称为达 芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。
Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e, brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.
威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼斯建立于公元5世纪，在公元10世纪时成为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商贸中心，是当时欧洲极为富裕的城市，在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。几百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在15世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯被公认为是全世界最美的城市之一，也是全世界最重要的旅游胜地之一。威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样，其中最出名的是哥特式风格。威尼斯还因历史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名，特别是文艺复兴时期。威尼斯对建筑和艺术的发展影响巨大。至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重要作用。1987年，威尼斯被列入《世界遗产名录》。1980年3月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为“友好城市”。
Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The old town of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture. It’s also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities. The construction work of the old town was started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region. With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of Lijiang is receiving a growing number of tourists from home and abroad. In December 1997, the old town succeeded in applying to be named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List.
英式下午茶的仪式可以迫溯到19世纪40年代，该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和习惯发展而来的。茶最初在17世纪50年代晚期被引入英国，但由于价格昂贵，所以很长一段时间里，只有皇家和贵族才能享用。直到将近200多年之后，英国人才养成吃下午茶的习惯。在当时，英国人一日两餐: 快接近中午时分的丰盛早餐和晚上八点左右的晚餐。据说第七代贝德福德公爵夫人安娜开创了下午茶的传统，以此来缓解晚餐前的饥饿感。她邀请朋友和她一起在下午四五点钟吃下午茶。下午茶中包括茶和一些点心，比如精致的蛋糕及三明治。这些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛装。下午茶很快就流行开来，现在已经成为优雅英国生活方式的一个象征。正如小说家亨利詹姆斯写道的那样:“人生鲜有比全心全意享用下午茶这一仪式更惬意的时刻了。”
China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the "national drink" of China. In both the Chinese scholars' even daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common people's seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea. Tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy. The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. With the development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and teacultural spread to the world. Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China. Chinese tea like Chinese silk and Chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world.
《荷马史诗》据传是由古希腊盲诗人荷马创作，他被推崇为古希腊最伟大的史诗诗人。《荷马史诗》由反映希腊历史的两部巨著《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》组成，是希腊文学最早的著作，也是古代世界最伟大的瑰宝之一，被西方人认为是历史上最伟大的史诗。这两部史诗对文学的发展产生了巨大影响，并对研究历史、地理、考古以及民俗具有重大的价值。两部史诗都分为24卷，《伊利亚特》有15,693行，《奥德赛》有12,110行。《伊利亚特》是现存希腊文学中最早的著作，讲述的是特洛伊十年围城的故事。《奥德赛》则主要讲述希腊英雄奥德修斯以及他在特洛伊陷落之后回家途中发生的故事。《荷马史诗》以其精炼的语言、生动的情节和人物形象被认为是伟大的文学杰作，在世界文学史上享有重要地位。
The Art of War was written by Sun Wu, a famous ancient Chinese strategist. A classic work not only of military value but also of great philosophical significance, The Art of War is a precious heritage of brilliant ancient Chinese culture. Sun Wu disclosed in his book a series of military rules and principles, and put forward a complete system of military theory. His theory has been highly regarded by strategists since the Warring States Period and exerted strong impacts on their thought and practice. Moreover it has yielded a worldwide influence in the field of military thought, enjoying extremely high prestige.
世界贸易组织成立于1995年1月1日，旨在监督和促进国际贸易自由化。该组织负责对成员国之间的贸易进行调控，为贸易协定的谈判和形成制定框架，并提供争端解决机制以敦促成员国遵守世贸协定，而这些协定皆为各成员国政府的代表所签署且获得其立法机构的批准。每一个申请国加入世贸组织的过程各不相同，加入的条件取决于该国经济发展的阶段和现行贸易体制。中国在2001年12月11日成为世贸组织成员国，是在经历了漫长的谈判，并按要求对中国经济作出重大改变之后才得以加入的，这也意味着中国经济能更深入地融入到世界经济中。中国加入世贸组织是一项巨大的多边成果，而对中国而言，这也标志着其致力于多边贸易的明确承诺。
Shanghai Free Trade Zone is a free trade zone in Shanghai that was launched in 2013 by the Chinese government. Covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers, Shanghai Free Trade Zone is the first of itskind in China’s mainland, and is regarded as a “testing ground” for a number of economic reforms. The establishment of the free zone is a significant measure taken to actively promote the opening-up strategy under the new global economic and trade situation. It undertakes a major task to explore new ways and accumulate new experience for the deepening of reform and opening up in an all-round way. As a pilot project, Shanghai Free Trade Zone will become a “touchstone ” for Chinese economy. It will play an active role in deepening reforms and boosting economic vigor.
维也纳爱乐乐团新年音乐会是古典音乐会，每年元旦上午在奥地利维也纳举行。音乐会通常会选取施特劳斯家族的作品，偶尔也会选取来自奥地利的其他知名作曲家的音乐。新年音乐会的门票一票难求，人们必须提前一年注册，才能参与下一年门票的抽签。新年音乐会大受欢迎，这不仅归功于施特劳斯家族作品的创新力，还要归功于其对音乐的权威诠释。音乐会给维也纳金色大厅中的听众带来了愉悦，在全世界也广受喜爱，现在已经有90多个国家可以通过电视转播收看。维也纳新年音乐会始于奥地利历史上最黑暗的时期，它表达了爱乐乐团对古典音乐经典作品进行诠释的渴望，同时，本着希望、友谊以及和平的精神，乐团也希望音乐会能成为奥地利的音乐使者，为全球送去新年祝福。
The CCTV Spring Festival Gala (Spring Festival Gala for short), which was started in 1983, has become an indispensable cultural consumer product and a cultural symbol in the cultural life of the Chinese people. Though it’s hard to satisfy the tastes of all the people, it has to be admitted that the Spring Festival Gala has become a “new custom” for the public that they can’t live without. The Spring Festival Gala is more than a gala; it is a ritual and a symbol, a culture and a label, and an emotion and a place where people entrust their hearts to. With the development of the times and the emerging of new media, the audiences are having more diversified choices and demands. Correspondingly, the Spring Festival Gala is also advancing with the time to satisfy the growing cultural needs of the people.
新视野英语（第三版）翻译题答案
Unit 1 Translation
世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.
美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活口许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由，自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广裹大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.
莱奥纳多 达 芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师的称号”。莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。在其所有作品中，《蒙娜丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。这此笔记通常被称为达 芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。
Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e, brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.
威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼斯建立于公元5世纪，在公元10世纪时成为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商贸中心，是当时欧洲极为富裕的城市，在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。几百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在15世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯被公认为是全世界最美的城市之一，也是全世界最重要的旅游胜地之一。威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样，其中最出名的是哥特式风格。威尼斯还因历史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名，特别是文艺复兴时期。威尼斯对建筑和艺术的发展影响巨大。至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重要作用。1987年，威尼斯被列入《世界遗产名录》。1980年3月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为“友好城市”。
Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The old town of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture. It’s also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities. The construction work of the old town was started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region. With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of Lijiang is receiving a growing number of tourists from home and abroad. In December 1997, the old town succeeded in applying to be named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List.
英式下午茶的仪式可以迫溯到19世纪40年代，该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和习惯发展而来的。茶最初在17世纪50年代晚期被引入英国，但由于价格昂贵，所以很长一段时间里，只有皇家和贵族才能享用。直到将近200多年之后，英国人才养成吃下午茶的习惯。在当时，英国人一日两餐: 快接近中午时分的丰盛早餐和晚上八点左右的晚餐。据说第七代贝德福德公爵夫人安娜开创了下午茶的传统，以此来缓解晚餐前的饥饿感。她邀请朋友和她一起在下午四五点钟吃下午茶。下午茶中包括茶和一些点心，比如精致的蛋糕及三明治。这些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛装。下午茶很快就流行开来，现在已经成为优雅英国生活方式的一个象征。正如小说家亨利詹姆斯写道的那样:“人生鲜有比全心全意享用下午茶这一仪式更惬意的时刻了。”
China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the "national drink" of China. In both the Chinese scholars' even daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common people's seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea. Tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy. The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. With the development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and teacultural spread to the world. Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China. Chinese tea like Chinese silk and Chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world.
《荷马史诗》据传是由古希腊盲诗人荷马创作，他被推崇为古希腊最伟大的史诗诗人。《荷马史诗》由反映希腊历史的两部巨著《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》组成，是希腊文学最早的著作，也是古代世界最伟大的瑰宝之一，被西方人认为是历史上最伟大的史诗。这两部史诗对文学的发展产生了巨大影响，并对研究历史、地理、考古以及民俗具有重大的价值。两部史诗都分为24卷，《伊利亚特》有15,693行，《奥德赛》有12,110行。《伊利亚特》是现存希腊文学中最早的著作，讲述的是特洛伊十年围城的故事。《奥德赛》则主要讲述希腊英雄奥德修斯以及他在特洛伊陷落之后回家途中发生的故事。《荷马史诗》以其精炼的语言、生动的情节和人物形象被认为是伟大的文学杰作，在世界文学史上享有重要地位。
The Art of War was written by Sun Wu, a famous ancient Chinese strategist. A classic work not only of military value but also of great philosophical significance, The Art of War is a precious heritage of brilliant ancient Chinese culture. Sun Wu disclosed in his book a series of military rules and principles, and put forward a complete system of military theory. His theory has been highly regarded by strategists since the Warring States Period and exerted strong impacts on their thought and practice. Moreover it has yielded a worldwide influence in the field of military thought, enjoying extremely high prestige.
世界贸易组织成立于1995年1月1日，旨在监督和促进国际贸易自由化。该组织负责对成员国之间的贸易进行调控，为贸易协定的谈判和形成制定框架，并提供争端解决机制以敦促成员国遵守世贸协定，而这些协定皆为各成员国政府的代表所签署且获得其立法机构的批准。每一个申请国加入世贸组织的过程各不相同，加入的条件取决于该国经济发展的阶段和现行贸易体制。中国在2001年12月11日成为世贸组织成员国，是在经历了漫长的谈判，并按要求对中国经济作出重大改变之后才得以加入的，这也意味着中国经济能更深入地融入到世界经济中。中国加入世贸组织是一项巨大的多边成果，而对中国而言，这也标志着其致力于多边贸易的明确承诺。
Shanghai Free Trade Zone is a free trade zone in Shanghai that was launched in 2013 by the Chinese government. Covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers, Shanghai Free Trade Zone is the first of itskind in China’s mainland, and is regarded as a “testing ground” for a number of economic reforms. The establishment of the free zone is a significant measure taken to actively promote the opening-up strategy under the new global economic and trade situation. It undertakes a major task to explore new ways and accumulate new experience for the deepening of reform and opening up in an all-round way. As a pilot project, Shanghai Free Trade Zone will become a “touchstone ” for Chinese economy. It will play an active role in deepening reforms and boosting economic vigor.
维也纳爱乐乐团新年音乐会是古典音乐会，每年元旦上午在奥地利维也纳举行。音乐会通常会选取施特劳斯家族的作品，偶尔也会选取来自奥地利的其他知名作曲家的音乐。新年音乐会的门票一票难求，人们必须提前一年注册，才能参与下一年门票的抽签。新年音乐会大受欢迎，这不仅归功于施特劳斯家族作品的创新力，还要归功于其对音乐的权威诠释。音乐会给维也纳金色大厅中的听众带来了愉悦，在全世界也广受喜爱，现在已经有90多个国家可以通过电视转播收看。维也纳新年音乐会始于奥地利历史上最黑暗的时期，它表达了爱乐乐团对古典音乐经典作品进行诠释的渴望，同时，本着希望、友谊以及和平的精神，乐团也希望音乐会能成为奥地利的音乐使者，为全球送去新年祝福。
The CCTV Spring Festival Gala (Spring Festival Gala for short), which was started in 1983, has become an indispensable cultural consumer product and a cultural symbol in the cultural life of the Chinese people. Though it’s hard to satisfy the tastes of all the people, it has to be admitted that the Spring Festival Gala has become a “new custom” for the public that they can’t live without. The Spring Festival Gala is more than a gala; it is a ritual and a symbol, a culture and a label, and an emotion and a place where people entrust their hearts to. With the development of the times and the emerging of new media, the audiences are having more diversified choices and demands. Correspondingly, the Spring Festival Gala is also advancing with the time to satisfy the growing cultural needs of the people.